Critical Literacy
Critical literacy is an approach to looking at a text and a media from a critical standpoint; it is a process that entails the reading of, looking at, and evaluating of, different versions of a media. With the help of these abilities, individuals can undermine the fundamental tenets of the communicative process such as prejudice and imbalances in power and thus, become informed and activi participative adults in the society.
To critically read, the most indispensable parts are to analyze the biases in the texts, comprehend the context in which a text is created, and acknowledge the values and beliefs that overshadow various viewpoints. For example, a critical-reading person who does read a news article would first evaluate the author's credibility, determine whether there are any potential biases in what is said, and lastly, think if the article would create any effect on people's opinions.
Daily practices such as critical literacy could be that individuals learn to question the information they come across through a variety of channels like advertising, social media, and news reports. For instance, a critically literate person viewing an advertisement for a product may reflect on the distribution of gender roles or societal assumptions that are involved and in this way arrive to a better outcome between the two.
The student-centered learning model is based on the principles of constructivist theory that emphasizes the learner's active role in the learning process. Students can decide what and how they learn whilst teachers serve as facilitators of learning and knowledge sources. Every student is responsible for their own learning and the teacher encourages students to take initiatives and manage their own learning in a group setting. For example, after the teacher explains the topic, students individually research, create, and present projects to the whole class.
Critical literacy has become more and more essential in the digital era due to the avalanche of information that is available online, a large part of which might be either misleading or biased. It is a tool that gives people the power to differentiate between the right sources of information and the fake ones and it promotes the growth of an informed society. To illustrate; critical literacy empowers users to check the news articles that they get from social media differently, so they are not as vulnerable to misinformation.